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The Path to Liberation: Understanding the Eight Limbs of Yoga

All spiritual disciplined are done with a view to still the mind. The perfectly still mind is universal spirit. – Swami Ramdas

Think of a situation, where you do have the knowledge about the truth but implementing and syncing with your way of life is challenging. For example, a diabetes patient knows how harmful consuming sugar can be yet he is not able to control the urge to have sweets. We understand the worth of exercising yet we get lazy and become a procrastinator. The mind is fickle and fluctuating in nature. The situation is no different when the mind clings to negative emotions like jealousy, vengeance etc. We do have knowledge about the consequences of dwelling in these emotions but yet the mind choses to ignore it.
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Yoga Vartika (a commentary on the Yoga Bhāṣya Volume 1553) includes a concept of Yogangas, which are eight steps towards disciplining the mind in yoga.

Yogangas, in Ashtanga yoga, is also known as Eight limbs of Yoga. While practicing any form of Yoga and meditation, knowledge of Yogangas is extremely useful. These Yogangas not only removes the impurities of the mind, but also removes the obstacles to help attain higher level of consciousness.

The first step is Yama (self-discipline) that includes cultivating a spirit of friendliness and de-cluttering the mind that is filled with hatred, selfishness, jealously of detrimental nature. It emphasizes on being a good-willed person and understanding the beauty of selflessness. Yama includes letting go of arrogance (ahimsa) and ego (asmita).

Next is Niyama (observances) that strives to clean the body and mind from stoppages and sabotages. It includes cleanliness (internal and external), contentment, refining actions, self-study and respecting the law of universe. All these are catalyst to a balanced state of mind and being imprudent can lead to an unwanted friction in the mind.

Asana (body postures) increase the flow of vital energy in the body as it keeps the body healthy and prevents our body from producing disturbances.

While Pranayama (oxygenating the body through accurate breathing) is the process in which the breath is controlled to keep the mind focused and practice concentration.

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Defragmenting the mind to seek stillness.

Pratyahara (awareness of the breath) is the withdrawal of senses from all external objects. Life is not just about thinking but feeling too. One is trained to believe in rationality because of which the intuition and senses are blatantly ignored. The truth of the matter is intuition is the only truth. Pratyahara is a process of dissolving into each and every breath and disconnecting with the senses perceived by the mind.

Once the mind has traversed these steps, it becomes easy to concentrate Dharana. A balanced mind focuses on one thing at a time uninterrupted by external or internal distractions. Concentration instigates embracing the true nature of knowledge whole-heartedly. Learning to let go of the excuses and seeking joy in the single-mindedness. From here onwards, one commences the journey to spirituality. Mind that can aptly concentrate reaches the stage of Dhyana.

Dhyana is a stage of meditation where the mind ceases to have any inappropriate function that goes against the nature of peace. Once the mind has learned the nature of reality, it leads to Samadhi (the super conscious state) or bliss. This is the ultimate spiritual plane to be in. It is the merging of the self with the universe. It is that moment when everything else disappears and only the elements of the present moment exist, and the liberated soul can connect to everything.

“Man’s conscious state is an awareness of body and breath. His subconscious state, active in sleep, is associated with his mental, and temporary, separation from body and breath. His super conscious state is a freedom from the delusion that “existence” depends on body and breath. God lives without breath; the soul made in his image becomes conscious of itself, for the first time, only during the breathless state.” ~ Paramahansa Yogananda

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Smashing the Light Bulb: 4 Ways to Promote Visionary Thinking

“If you are unprogrammed in the cultural causa-sui (self-generated) project, then you have to invent your own: you don’t vibrate to anyone else’s tune. You see that the fabrications of those around you are a lie, a denial of truth. A creative person becomes then, in art, literature, and religion the mediator of natural terror and the indicator of a new way to triumph over it. He reveals the darkness and the dread of the human condition and fabricates a new symbolic transcendence over it. This has been the function of the creative deviant from shamans through Shakespeare.” ~ Ernest Becker, The Denial of Death.

Most of us wish we were more creative. The problem is that most of us aren’t. The interesting thing is that most of us are secretly afraid of creative ideas, mostly because we don’t like to feel uncertain. So if we really want to be more creative we’re going to have to “trick” ourselves into doing so.

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Let it breathe

Smashing the light bulb is taking the outdated idea of vision – that is, a light bulb popping up over our head in a thought bubble – and smashing it, so as to launch ourselves into higher creativity and take the next step in the creative process.

Here, then, are four light bulb smashing ways that might promote higher creativity.

1.) Screw up as quickly as possible

“Creativity can solve almost any problem. The creative act, the defeat of habit by originality, overcomes everything.” ~ George Lois

Fail fast. Then pick up the pieces of your shattered art and fix it. It comes down to this: We’re not perfect. We’re clumsy and stumbling personifications of imperfection, at best. And that’s okay. That’s where the juicy stuff is anyway.

The anagram for "idea" is "aide
The anagram for “idea” is “aide

So we need to take a nosedive as quickly as possible in order to get to the good stuff. The sooner we fail and the sooner we get through all that perfect crap, the sooner we can get to the imperfect gold.

There are diamonds in the rough, but we have it backwards: the rough is our idea of perfection; the diamond is the permanent imperfection of all things.

Like Ernest Becker wrote, “Either you eat-up yourself, and others around you, trying for perfection; or you objectify that imperfection in a work, on which you then unleash your own creative powers. In this sense, some kind of objective creativity is the only answer man has to the problem of life.”

2.) Let Quixote be your co-pilot

“Everything is transitory, what’s important is the creative process.” ~ Ben Wilson

Picasso's Don Quixote
Picasso’s Don Quixote

Life begins at the end of our comfort zone. We all know this to be true. And yet we still cling ever-so-tightly to what keeps us comfortable. One way to toss a monkey-wrench into the machinery of our reluctance is to allow ourselves to be eccentric. It’s time to channel our inner-Quixote and go off in search of giants (windmills) to “tilt” at.

In other words, we need to allow ourselves to tap into our inner-child and get down with some epic horseplay. We need to be myth-makers. Let’s stop telling each other boring outdated stories and start inventing new ones through boisterous play. Myth-making is a boon for visionary thinking.

Mythology is an ever-present, ever-receding horizon mediated through the creative imagination of individuals and cultures and venerated through art and cosmology.

Like Louis G. Herman wrote, “The retelling of mythology helps access the creative energy of the ancient past within the present. In this understanding, past, present, and future become separate faces of a single reality.” Or as Jean Gebser put it, an “ever-present origin.”

If we can allow ourselves to retell mythical tales with ourselves as eccentric characters, there will be no end to the creative fruit we can bear.

3.) Be tenacious with your creativity: stop daydreaming!

“We have art lest we perish of the truth.” ~ Nietzsche

Daydreaming is great for incubating ideas, but creativity is more about action than contemplation. It is more active than passive. So stop daydreaming about your unique vision and get out there and actually do it. Put your nose to the creative grindstone. No fear! Your beak will be sharper for it.

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“As I wandered the streets in a desolate funk, I would ask myself the impossible, the embarrassing, the ultimate childish question of Why? – Why this city? Why this life? Why anything? Of course I knew that “why” was a question you were supposed to stop asking around the age of ten but I couldn’t free myself from it.” ― Daniel Pinchbeck, Breaking Open the Head: A Psychedelic Journey into the Heart of Contemporary Shamanism

Creativity shrinks or expands in proportion to one’s perseverance. It takes heart, a lot of it, to create something that has never been done before. The resolve it takes to be a visionary is enormous. Since it takes such ruthlessness, we might as well be honest about it.

And if we truly want to be more creative then we need to buckle down and dive right in, every single day. Daydreaming is great, it gets the juices flowing. But true visionary thinking requires action.

Like Nietzsche wrote, “Of all writings I love only that which is written with blood. Write with blood: and you will discover that blood is spirit.”

4.)Adapt and overcome with Beginner’s Mind

“The only viable option for the universe is for it to be in a state of creative disequilibrium, holding together sufficiently to not fall apart, but open enough to be expanding.” ~ Thomas Berry

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Beginner’s Mind

Shoshin is a concept in Zen Buddhism meaning “beginner’s mind.” This is all about cultivating open-mindedness in the here-and-now and not allowing our preconceptions –all our opinions, all our logic and reasoning, even our cherished beliefs– to interfere with new information.

Fostering beginner’s mind allows us to adapt to the current zeitgeist so that we can overcome it by creating a new zeitgeist.

Like Shunryu Suzuki wrote in his book Zen Mind, Beginner’s Mind, “In the beginner’s mind there are many possibilities, in the expert’s mind there are few.”

Human beings are supreme opportunists. Where an eagle flies and strikes with razor-sharp talons for its survival, we adapt and overcome for ours. We do this by using our brain to capitalize on a given opportunity. And so it is with creativity.

As artists we must be opportunists by using our brain to adapt and overcome to a particular art or domain of knowledge. But our minds must be clear (Beginner’s Mind).

We adapt by absorbing knowledge and technique. We overcome by taking that knowledge and technique into new worlds, by stretching comfort zones, shattering mental paradigms, and hijacking evolution into revealing its secrets, and then coming out on the other side having created an entirely new paradigm.

Like Robert Greene wrote in Mastery, “What constitutes true creativity is the openness and adaptability of our spirit. Creativity and adaptability are inseparable.”

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Seeking Freedom from Anger

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Anger is an acid that can do more harm to the vessel in which it is stored than to anything on which it is poured. ~ Mark Twain

Anger is a prominently felt emotion in today’s time and age. Somebody is angry with the government, somebody can’t stand the public transport, someone has issues with their colleagues, and it doesn’t end here.

Someone is angry because he is not able to exert power, exercise supremacy, or can’t cope up with the brushings that life in general has to offer. We all have experienced that emotion and know that the outcome is never pleasant.

Buddha quote on angerAnger is a corrosive emotion that harms your mental and physical health. Aristotle said that it is very difficult to be angry with the right person for the right reasons. Predominantly, most of us think, we are right in what we say and do.

And then many say, everything is right as long as you can justify it. A thief might be a thief because he has no other option for survival but yet he will be put behind the bars. So, when countries fight in the name of power, how is it not a moral cheating?

In Buddhism, anger is considered one of the three poisons, other two being – greed and ignorance. There is no justifiable anger. Spend time introspecting on each time you’ve felt angry and what have you done about it. As humans, we are bound to feel angry but how do we deal with it is what defines us.

When an unpleasant emotion or thought arises, do not suppress it, run away from it, or deny it. Instead, observe it and acknowledge it. Be mindful and honest with yourself about yourself is essential to overcome this negative emotion.

Anger damages the nervous, cardiovascular and gut system. Anger, if fed, can also lead to depression.

How do you deal with it? Compassion and patience are counter-attacks to anger. Be compassionate with yourself because anger is harming you more than anybody else.

One can discover the root cause of anger and then take necessary steps, because anger is created by the mind. It arises due to unresolved issues bottled deep within and it gushes out in the form of anger.

Its also the ego taking control of your mind and allowing negativity to take over you. One needs to have the patience to wait for the right time to act and say.

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As difficult as it might sound, in such situations, one has to leave it to the law of life. The prospect of retaliation seems like an appealing option. But anger is a backward-looking emotion. We think about the past and cause ourselves pain. Pain is self-inflicted in nature. And the concept of revenge is morally flawed.

We can indulge in the act of harming the injurer to seek some relief from the damage caused but in doing so; we do drag ourselves in the vicious cycle. There are numerous way to let go of the anger.

I use humour as a defence mechanism to anger. Whenever the mind goes into unwanted flashbacks, instead of being angry, breathe in and out. Take a walk. Drink some water. Trust in the law of universe and let it go.

Thich Nhat Hanh explains it beautifully, “When you express your anger you think that you are getting anger out of your system, but that’s not true,” he said. “When you express your anger, either verbally or with physical violence, you are feeding the seed of anger, and it becomes stronger in you.”

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Anger Buddha
Anger

The Four Questions: An Inquiry into Personal Responsibility

“You can have many great ideas in your head, but what makes the difference is the action. Without action upon an idea, there will be no manifestation, no results, and no reward.” ~ Miguel Ruiz

In his book The Four Agreements, Don Miguel Ruiz sets down a template for achieving happiness, peace, and love within one’s lifetime. He was highly influenced by the teachings of Carlos Castaneda. In honor of them both (Don Ruiz’s wisdom and Castaneda’s ruthlessness) I have come up with four questions that don’t even need to be answered to be effective.

The answers might seem obvious, but they’re still challenging. Just thinking about them and debating them has the potential to teach us a considerable amount about ourselves and about our tolerance of others.

Here are the four questions: an inquiry into personal responsibility, based on the Four Agreements that are hard-hitting ~

1.) Is it better to be an unsatisfied free person or a satisfied slave?

“I prefer dangerous freedom over peaceful slavery.” ~ Thomas Jefferson

The menace of the past was that men became slaves; the menace of the present is that men become puppets. But there’s a fine line between slavery and puppetry. Freedom is something you do, not something you are.

It is not a given. It takes effort, courage, and determination; usually in the face of those who would make you their slaves, or puppets. One way to guard against slavery is knowledge.

Like Frederick Douglas said, “Knowledge makes a man unfit to be a slave.”

But have no illusions, freedom is scary. It takes courage to maintain it. Sometimes it even takes going against the status quo.

Like Thoreau wrote, “Disobedience is the true foundation of liberty. The obedient must be slaves.”

But it is our own responsibility, nobody else’s, to maintain our own freedom and to keep those “in power” accountable. Otherwise absolute power has free-reign to rule absolutely.

Like John Adams said, “There are two ways to conquer and enslave a nation. One is by the sword. The other is by debt.”

Answering this important question, and then being proactive with what the answer means, will help us to guard against both forms of slavery.

2.) Would you rather be apathetically indifferent or proactively responsible?

“To be one’s self, and unafraid whether right or wrong, is more admirable than the easy cowardice of surrender to conformity.” ~ Irving Wallace

Being clear about this question is a matter of understanding the tug-of-war between Courage & Comfort, and that the rope is Fear. Being proactive and responsible requires being courageous about being uncomfortable.

“Twaddle, rubbish, and gossip are what people want, not action…” writes Soren Kierkegaard. “The secret of life is to chatter freely about all one wishes to do and how one is always being prevented –and then do nothing.”

This is what becomes of apathy and indifference: laziness, doing nothing.

The Four Questions: An Inquiry into Personal Responsibility
Apathy

Lest we too become lazy, it behooves us to be proactive and responsible. Like the fourth agreement says, “Do your best.” Which is easier said than done, sure. I mean, our comfort zones are preciously small things.

But like Tim Watts hilariously put it, “Apathy and ignorance are as helpful to you as trying to solve a Rubik’s Cube with a sledgehammer.”

Don’t try to solve a Rubik’s Cube with a sledgehammer. Life is too short not to transform apathy into empathy and indifference into concern.

Like Einstein warned, “The world will not be destroyed by those who do evil, but by those who watch them without doing anything.”

3.) Do you prefer the bliss of ignorance or the pain of knowledge?

“The source of Man’s unhappiness is ignorance… The way he clings to blind opinions, imbibed in his infancy, dooms him to continual error.” ~  Baron d’Holbach

Wisdom begins first with not ignoring our own ignorance, and second with being proactive about curing the ignorance. We’re always going to be ignorant about something or other. But all ignorance can be remedied by asking the right questions and consistently fine-tuning the answers in a healthy way.

But the single most difficult thing a human being can do is admit when they are ignorant, even though we all know we are. So it takes diligence and immense circumspection.

Like Kathryn Schulz wrote in On Being Wrong, “Ignorance isn’t necessarily a vacuum waiting to be filled; just as often, it is a wall, actively maintained.”

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Bliss?

As it stands, we need the fortitude it takes to knock down those walls, keeping them erect just traps in parochial nonsense and stagnant traditions. But before we can tear them down we need to be aware of them.

Conscientious ignorance opens the mind. Like Naseem Nicholas Taleb wrote, “Conscious ignorance, if you can practice it, expands your world; it can make things infinite.”

If nothing else ignorance is dangerous. We become less dangerous the more we know what we’re dealing with. Whether we’re dealing with kittens or tigers, knowledge could be the difference between accidentally killing a kitten or stupidly getting killed by a tiger.

Like the great Martin Luther King once said, “Nothing in the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and conscientious stupidity.”

4.) Would you rather be slapped with the truth or kissed with a lie?

“The most potent weapon in the hands of the oppressor is the mind of the oppressed.” ~ Stephen Binko

“The truth will set you free. But first, it will piss you off.” –Gloria Steinem
“The truth will set you free. But first, it will piss you off.” – Gloria Steinem

We are kissed with lies every day, usually from corporate advertisements and corrupt politicians. But, like Rob Breszny says, “Hate hatred but don’t hate the haters.” It’s not worth bringing yourself down to their level. Like the second agreement asserts, “Don’t take anything personal.”

They have an agenda that they’ve been brainwashed into believing is necessary. If they want to kiss us with lies, then we have to slap the people who believe those lies with the truth.

Like the first agreement asserts, “Be impeccable with your word.” It won’t be easy. Not by a long shot. And it will hurt the people who bought those lies hook, line, and sinker. But the fate of the world could very well depend upon it.

In a world where the ability to lie and manipulate others is held up as the highest good, we have to be even more ruthless with the truth than usual. Just as we have to be even more cognizant of making assumptions (the third agreement).

This often means going against the status quo. But even if just one person rebels against an unhealthy untruthful order, we the people are more likely to be free to exist in a healthy truthful way.

Like Albert Camus wrote, “I rebel; therefore we exist.”

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Delving into the Realms of Emptiness

“Just as it is known 
that an image of one’s face is seen 
depending on a mirror 
but does not really exist as a face, so the conception of “I” exists
 dependent on mind and body, 
but like the image of a face 
the “I” does not exist as its own reality at all.” ~ Nagarjuna

What if I tell you that “I” doesn’t exist? What if I tell you “You” don’t exist? “You” and “I” are merely products of our mind and we are larger than these terms. This forms the basis of Nagarjuna’s philosophy – one of the most important Buddhist philosophers after the Buddha.

Nagarjuna02Nagarjuna lived during 150-250 AD, and is the founder of the Madhyamika philosophy (Middle-way philosophy), which is based primarily upon Nagarjuna’s commentary on the Prajnaparamita-sutras. The original sutras in Sanskrit were lost but the Tibetan and Chinese translations remain.

Nagarjuna’s texts are an essential part of the Indian philosophy and are of extreme significance to the Buddhist school of thought. It’s believed that after the death of the Nagarjuna, a group of people elaborated on his texts and continued to write in the name of the Nagarjuna.

The most important concept that surfaces from Madhyamika Philosophy is the concept of Sunyata or Emptiness. According to Nagarjuna, ignorance is the root cause of suffering and “Sunyata” is the remedy for that suffering. Excerpts from Nagarjuna’s text:

“Born from the conditions – attraction, repulsion and error – attachment, aversion and delusion originate. Therefore, attachment, aversion and delusion are non-existent in their intrinsic being.”

This implies that beings and things have no intrinsic existence in themselves. All phenomena (form and mind) come into being because of conditions created by other phenomena. Thus, they have no existence of their own and are empty of a permanent self. We mistake the relative for the absolute.
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This misunderstanding of absoluteness is evident with regard to our own selves. We take our conditioned existence as unconditioned and self-existent, giving rise to a false sense of “I”. All the conditioned thoughts are empty thoughts because in the larger scheme of universe they do not have an inherent existence, for example, ego, pride, superior, inferior etc.

When one realises that they are beyond the conditioned and unconditioned, one becomes free from all the qualifications and distinctions. The realisation of sunyata leads one to no attachment and clinging. It is the skilful means towards enlightenment.

Nothing is absolute. The streams of the river dislocate the stones. The shiny pebbles at the seashore were gigantic rocks once, and that’s the beauty of life ultimately. We all are on a journey to nothingness. Because we cling to them as if they were lasting and substantial, suffering becomes the inescapable outcome. The idea is to not cling but live and ignorance of this knowledge causes suffering.

“Words, concepts, are in themselves pure; what makes the difference is the way in which we use them.” ~ Ramanan

Nagarjuna in his four noble truth theory explained that there is an end to this suffering. We are aware of the unconditioned reality, the truth, and hence we should seek to liberate ourselves from the continuous chain of thoughts that keep us in this vicious cycle.

Liberate our soul from the expectations and manipulations of our mind. If you think about ignorance, it is the knowledge that we take for granted. And, hence, the false conscious seduces us. Due to which we take things like ego seriously.

One who has faith, who diligently seeks the ultimate, not relying upon any demonstrated factor, inclined to subject the way of the world to reason, abandoning being and non-being (attains) peace.

https://youtu.be/4Jaj29DKj7s

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1) Nagarjuna